Sedatives (Tranquilizers)

What are sedatives?

Sedatives are drugs that slow down the nervous system. They are often prescribed to relieve anxiety or stress, or to relax a person before surgery. Sedatives are also called tranquilizers.

Can they be harmful?

Sedatives can help you feel calm, but they can also make you sleepy, dizzy, or confused. If you have taken a sedative, do not drive or operate machinery until the effects have worn off and you are fully alert. Tell your healthcare provider if your medicine causes side effects or is interfering with your driving or your work. Older adults may be at more risk from falls due to the effects of these drugs. Tell your healthcare provider if your medicine causes problems so that a different one can be prescribed.

What about other medicines?

Other medicines that slow down the nervous system increase the effects of sedatives. This includes medicines such as antihistamines, sleeping pills, some pain relievers, muscle relaxants, antidepressants, and some ulcer medicine. Keep a list of all your medicines, including prescription and nonprescription medicines, supplements, natural remedies, and vitamins with you. Be sure that you tell all healthcare providers who treat you about all the products you are taking.

Drinking alcohol while you are taking sedatives can make you stop breathing, leading to unconsciousness or even death. Never drink alcohol if you are taking sedatives.

How do I take them safely?

Like any other medicine, you should take sedatives only if you need to and take only the amount you need. Most medicines cause side effects while producing the desired response in your body. Side effects can be so slight that you barely notice them. Other times, they can be worse than your original symptoms.

Take sedatives exactly as your healthcare provider prescribes. Do not take more than prescribed. Most sedatives can be addictive. If you are taking the sedatives daily, do not stop taking the medicine without your healthcare provider's approval. You may have to reduce your dosage gradually. This helps to prevent withdrawal symptoms such as convulsions, cramps, sweating, and vomiting.

• If you miss a dose, just take your normal dose next time. Do not take double doses.
• Ask your provider about the side effects of this medicine so you know what to expect.
• Tell your provider about any other medicines you are taking including nonprescription medicines, herbs, and natural remedies.
• Tell your provider if your medicine makes you drowsy, unsteady, or confused.
• Avoid alcohol, which increases the effect of sedatives.
• Avoid caffeine (coffee, tea, colas, and chocolate) because it reduces the effect of sedatives.
• Get plenty of exercise according to your provider's recommendations. Try to walk a mile a day or join an exercise group.
• Eat a healthy diet.
• Do things that relax you, such as talking with other people, listening to music, sewing, playing cards, walking, or enjoying hobbies.