Insect bites and stings can be potentially life threatening for athletes who suffer from severe allergic reactions. Be alert for signs and symptoms of allergic reactions to bites and stings. Note: If the athlete has an epinephrine pen and knows how to administer it, he/she should perform the injection.

Sign and Symptoms

• Severe pain
• Swelling of the throat or eyes
• Redness or unusual discoloration at the site
• Itching
• Hives
• Light-headedness or drowsiness
• Difficult or raspy breathing
• Shock

First Aid for Bee Stings/Bug Bites
If an athlete sustains an insect sting and the stinger remains in the skin, follow these simple rules:

• Remove the stiner with a flat object such as a credit card. Use a motion that moves from the stinger base in the skin to the top, where the venom sack is located
• Avoid squeezing the area or the stinger. Doing so increase the risk of releasing more venom into the bloodstream
• Wash the area well with soap and water
• Put ice or a cold pack on the affected area
• Keep the affected area below the level of the heart to slow circulation of the venom
• Watch for signs and symptoms of allergic reaction or ask the athlete about past reactions
• Be alert for signs of shock and treat if necessary

If any signs or symptoms of allergic reaction occur, call 911 immediately. Treat for possible shock and monitor breathing.